Alves E.Q., Macario K., Ascough P., Bronk Ramsey C., 2018. The worldwide
marine radiocarbon reservoir effect: Definitions, mechanisms, and
prospects. Reviews of Geophysics 56, 278–305. https://doi.org/10.1002/2017RG000588
Amundson R., Austin A.T., Schuur E.a.G., Yoo K., Matzek V., Kendall C.,
Uebersax A., Brenner D., Baisden W.T., 2003. Global patterns of the
isotopic composition of soil and plant nitrogen. Global Biogeochemical
Cycles 17, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1029/2002GB001903
Arnold J.R., Libby W.F., 1949. Age determinations by radiocarbon
content: Checks with samples of known age. Science 110, 678–680. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.110.2869.678
Ashmore P., 1999. Single entity dating, in: Evin J. (Ed.), 14C and archaeology:
3rd international symposium; Lyon, 6 - 10 april 1998,
Mémoires de la Société Préhistorique
Française. Société Préhistorique Française, Paris, pp.
65–71.
Bayliss A., Marshall P., 2022. Radiocarbon dating and chronological
modelling: Guidelines and best practice. Historic England, London. https://historicengland.org.uk/images-books/publications/radiocarbon-dating-chronological-modelling/
Beck L., Caffy I., Delqué-Količ E., Moreau C., Dumoulin J.-P., Perron
M., Guichard H., Jeammet V., 2018. Absolute dating of lead carbonates in
ancient cosmetics by radiocarbon. Communications Chemistry 1. https://doi.org/10.1038/s42004-018-0034-y
Bevan A., Crema E.R., 2020. Rcarbon: Methods for
calibrating and analysing radiocarbon dates. https://github.com/ahb108/rcarbon
Brehm N., Bayliss A., Christl M., Synal H.-A., Adolphi F., Beer J.,
Kromer B., Muscheler R., Solanki S.K., Usoskin I., Bleicher N.,
Bollhalder S., Tyers C., Wacker L., 2021. Eleven-year solar cycles over
the last millennium revealed by radiocarbon in tree rings. Nature
Geoscience 14, 10–15. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-020-00674-0
Brehm N., Christl M., Knowles T.D.J., Casanova E., Evershed R.P.,
Adolphi F., Muscheler R., Synal H.-A., Mekhaldi F., Paleari C.I.,
Leuschner H.-H., Bayliss A., Nicolussi K., Pichler T., Schlüchter C.,
Pearson C.L., Salzer M.W., Fonti P., Nievergelt D., Hantemirov R., Brown
D.M., Usoskin I., Wacker L., 2022. Tree-rings reveal two strong solar
proton events in 7176 and 5259 BCE. Nature Communications 13, 1196. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-28804-9
Bronk Ramsey C., 2017. Methods for summarizing radiocarbon datasets.
Radiocarbon 59, 1809–1833. https://doi.org/10.1017/RDC.2017.108
Bronk Ramsey C., 2009. Bayesian analysis of radiocarbon dates.
Radiocarbon 51, 337–360. https://doi.org/10.2458/rc.v51i1.3494
Bronk Ramsey C., 2001. Development of the radiocarbon program
OxCal. Radiocarbon 43, 355–363. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033822200038212
Bronk Ramsey C., 1995. Radiocarbon calibration and analysis of
stratigraphy: The OxCal program. Radiocarbon 37, 425–430.
https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033822200030903
Büntgen U., Wacker L., Galván J.D., Arnold S., Arseneault D., Baillie
M., Beer J., Bernabei M., Bleicher N., Boswijk G., Bräuning A., Carrer
M., Ljungqvist F.C., Cherubini P., Christl M., Christie D.A., Clark
P.W., Cook E.R., D’Arrigo R., Davi N., Eggertsson Ó., Esper J., Fowler
A.M., Gedalof Z., Gennaretti F., Grießinger J., Grissino-Mayer H., Grudd
H., Gunnarson B.E., Hantemirov R., Herzig F., Hessl A., Heussner K.-U.,
Jull A.J.T., Kukarskih V., Kirdyanov A., Kolář T., Krusic P.J., Kyncl
T., Lara A., LeQuesne C., Linderholm H.W., Loader N.J., Luckman B.,
Miyake F., Myglan V.S., Nicolussi K., Oppenheimer C., Palmer J.,
Panyushkina I., Pederson N., Rybníček M., Schweingruber F.H., Seim A.,
Sigl M., Churakova O., Speer J.H., Synal H.-A., Tegel W., Treydte K.,
Villalba R., Wiles G., Wilson R., Winship L.J., Wunder J., Yang B.,
Young G.H.F., 2018. Tree rings reveal globally coherent signature of
cosmogenic radiocarbon events in 774 and 993 CE. Nature Communications
9. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-06036-0
Capuzzo G., Snoeck C., Boudin M., Dalle S., Annaert R., Hlad M.,
Kontopoulos I., Sabaux C., Salesse K., Sengeløv A., Stamataki E.,
Veselka B., Warmenbol E., De Mulder G., Tys D., Vercauteren M., 2020.
Cremation vs. Inhumation: Modeling cultural changes in funerary
practices from the mesolithic to the middle ages in Belgium
using kernel density analysis on 14C data. Radiocarbon
62, 1809–1832. https://doi.org/10.1017/RDC.2020.88
Casanova E., Knowles T.D.J., Bayliss A., Dunne J., Barański M.Z.,
Denaire A., Lefranc P., Lernia S. di, Roffet-Salque M., Smyth J.,
Barclay A., Gillard T., Claßen E., Coles B., Ilett M., Jeunesse C.,
Krueger M., Marciniak A., Minnitt S., Rotunno R., van de Velde P., van
Wijk I., Cotton J., Daykin A., Evershed R.P., 2020. Accurate
compound-specific 14C dating of archaeological pottery vessels. Nature
580, 506–510. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2178-z
Casanova E., Knowles T.D.J., Bayliss A., Evershed R.P., 2024.
Radiocarbon dating of lipids preserved in pottery vessels: guidelines
for best-practice in compound-specific 14C analyses. Radiocarbon 1–18.
https://doi.org/10.1017/RDC.2024.61
Contreras D.A., Meadows J., 2014. Summed radiocarbon calibrations as a
population proxy: A critical evaluation using a realistic simulation
approach. Journal of Archaeological Science 52, 591–608. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2014.05.030
Cook A.C., Southon J.R., Wadsworth J., 2003. Using radiocarbon dating to
establish the age of iron-based artifacts. JOM 55, 15–22. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-003-0239-z
Cook G.T., Bonsall C., Hedges R.E.M., McSweeney K., Boroneant V.,
Bartosiewicz L., Pettitt P.B., 2002. Problems of dating human bones from
the Iron Gates. Antiquity 76, 77–85. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003598X00089821
De Moor A., Van Strydonck M., Boudin M., Bénazeth D., 2011. Radiocarbon
dating of brocaded furnishing textiles and tunics from
Katoen Natie and The
Musée du Louvre, in: De Moor A., Fluck C.
(Eds.), Dress accessories of the 1st millennium AD from
Egypt. Lannoo, Tielt, pp. 261–271.
Debruyne S., Ervynck A., Haneca K., 2013. Waterputten als archeologische
informatiebron, Handleiding agentschap Onroerend
Erfgoed. Agentschap Onroerend Erfgoed, Brussel. https://oar.onroerenderfgoed.be/item/719
Deforce K., 2009. De houtskoolresten, in: Hillewaert B., Hollevoet Y.
(Eds.), Vondsten uit vuur: Romeins grafveld met
nederzettingssporen aan de Hoge Dijken in
Jabbeke. Van de Wiele, Brugge, pp. 38–41.
DeNiro M.J., 1985. Postmortem preservation and alteration of in vivo
bone collagen isotope ratios in relation to palaeodietary
reconstruction. Nature 317, 806–809. https://doi.org/10.1038/317806a0
Ervynck A., 2003. De introductie van het konijn in de Lage
Landen: Een verkeerde datering voor vondsten uit een
latrine bij de abtswoning van de
Sint-Salvatorsabdij te Ename
(stad Oudenaarde, prov.
Oost-Vlaanderen). Archeologie in Vlaanderen
VII, 111–114. https://oar.onroerenderfgoed.be/item/157
Ervynck A., Boudin M., Van Neer W., 2018. Assessing the radiocarbon
freshwater reservoir effect for a
Northwest-European river system (the
Schelde basin, belgium). Radiocarbon 60, 395–417. https://doi.org/10.1017/RDC.2017.148
Ervynck A., Debruyne S., Ribbens R., 2015. Assessment. Een
handleiding voor de archeoloog. Agentschap Onroerend Erfgoed, Brussel.
https://oar.onroerenderfgoed.be/item/727
Ervynck A., Hillewaert B., Maes A., Van Strydonck M., 2003. Tanning and
horn-working at late- and post-medieval Brugge:
The organic evidence, in: The environmental archaeology of
industry, Symposia of the Association for
Environmental Archaeology. Oxbow Books,
Oxford, pp. 60–70.
Hajdas I., Lindroos A., Heinemeier J., Ringbom Å., Marzaioli F., Terrasi
F., Passariello I., Capano M., Artioli G., Addis A., Secco M., Michalska
D., Czernik J., Goslar T., Hayen R., Van Strydonck M., Fontaine L.,
Boudin M., Maspero F., Panzeri L., Galli A., Urbanová P., Guibert P.,
2017. Preparation and dating of mortar samples – mortar dating
inter-comparison study (modis). Radiocarbon 59, 1845–1858. https://doi.org/10.1017/RDC.2017.112
Harris E.C., 1989. Principles of archaeological stratigraphy, 2nd ed.
Academic Press, London. http://harrismatrix.com/download/
Heaton T.J., Köhler P., Butzin M., Bard E., Reimer R.W., Austin W.E.N.,
Bronk Ramsey C., Grootes P.M., Hughen K.A., Kromer B., Reimer P.J.,
Adkins J., Burke A., Cook M.S., Olsen J., Skinner L.C., 2020. Marine20 –
the marine radiocarbon age calibration curve (0-55,000 cal bp).
Radiocarbon 62, 779–820. https://doi.org/10.1017/RDC.2020.68
Heinemeier J., Ringbom A., Lindroos A., Sveinbjornsdottir A.E., 2010.
Successful AMS C-14 dating of non-hydraulic
lime mortars from the medieval churches of the Aland
Islands, Finland. Radiocarbon 52, 171–204. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033822200045124
Hua Q., Barbetti M., Rakowski A.Z., 2013. Atmospheric radiocarbon for
the period 1950-2010. Radiocarbon 55, 2059–2072. https://doi.org/10.2458/azu_js_rc.v55i2.16177
Koch A., Brierley C., Maslin M.M., Lewis S.L., 2019. Earth system
impacts of the European arrival and Great
Dying in the Americas after 1492. Quaternary
Science Reviews 207, 13–36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2018.12.004
Kuitems M., Wallace B.L., Lindsay C., Scifo A., Doeve P., Jenkins K.,
Lindauer S., Erdil P., Ledger P.M., Forbes V., Vermeeren C., Friedrich
R., Dee M.W., 2021. Evidence for European presence in the Americas in AD
1021. Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03972-8
Maczkowski A., Pearson C., Francuz J., Giagkoulis T., Szidat S., Wacker
L., Bolliger M., Kotsakis K., Hafner A., 2024. Absolute dating of the
European Neolithic using the 5259 BC rapid 14C excursion. Nature
Communications 15, 4263. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-48402-1
Miyake F., Masuda K., Nakamura T., 2013. Another rapid event in the
carbon-14 content of tree rings. Nature Communications 4, 1748. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms2783
Miyake F., Nagaya K., Masuda K., Nakamura T., 2012. A signature of
cosmic-ray increase in ad 774-775 from tree rings in Japan.
Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature11123
Miyake F., Panyushkina I.P., Jull A.J.T., Adolphi F., Brehm N., Helama
S., Kanzawa K., Moriya T., Muscheler R., Nicolussi K., Oinonen M.,
Salzer M., Takeyama M., Tokanai F., Wacker L., 2021. A single-year
cosmic ray event at 5410 BCE registered in 14C of tree rings.
Geophysical Research Letters 48, e2021GL093419. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021GL093419
Olsen J., Heinemeier J., Hornstrup K.M., Bennike P., Thrane H., 2013.
"Old wood" effect in radiocarbon dating of prehistoric cremated bones?
Journal of Archaeological Science 40, 30–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2012.05.034
Park J., Southon J., Fahrni S., Creasman P.P., Mewaldt R., 2017.
Relationship between solar activity and Δ14C peaks in AD 775, AD 994,
and 660 BC. Radiocarbon 59, 1147–1156. https://doi.org/10.1017/RDC.2017.59
Quintelier K., Ervynck A., Müldner G., Van Neer W., Richards M.P.,
Fuller B.T., 2014. Isotopic examination of links between diet, social
differentiation, and DISH at the post-medieval
Carmelite Friary of Aalst,
Belgium: DIET, Social
Status and DISH. American Journal of Physical
Anthropology 153, 203–213. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.22420
Reimer P.J., 2020. Composition and consequences of the
IntCal20 radiocarbon calibration curve. Quaternary Research
96, 22–27. https://doi.org/10.1017/qua.2020.42
Reimer P.J., Austin W.E.N., Bard E., Bayliss A., Blackwell P.G., Bronk
Ramsey C., Butzin M., Cheng H., Edwards R.L., Friedrich M., Grootes
P.M., Guilderson T.P., Hajdas I., Heaton T.J., Hogg A.G., Hughen K.A.,
Kromer B., Manning S.W., Muscheler R., Palmer J.G., Pearson C., Van der
Plicht J., Reimer R.W., Richards D.A., Scott E.M., Southon J.R., Turney
C.S.M., Wacker L., Adolphi F., Büntgen U., Capano M., Fahrni S.M.,
Fogtmann-Schulz A., Friedrich R., Köhler P., Kudsk S., Miyake F., Olsen
J., Reinig F., Sakamoto M., Sookdeo A., Talamo S., 2020. The
IntCal20 northern hemisphere radiocarbon age calibration
curve (0-55 cal kbp). Radiocarbon 62, 725–757. https://doi.org/10.1017/RDC.2020.41
Sakurai H., Tokanai F., Miyake F., Horiuchi K., Masuda K., Miyahara H.,
Ohyama M., Sakamoto M., Mitsutani T., Moriya T., 2020. Prolonged
production of 14C during the 660 BCE solar proton event from Japanese
tree rings. Scientific Reports 10, 660. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-57273-2
Snoeck C., Brock F., Schulting R.J., 2014. Carbon exchanges between bone
apatite and fuels during cremation: Impact on radiocarbon dates.
Radiocarbon 56, 591–602. https://doi.org/10.2458/56.17454
Steele J., 2010. Radiocarbon dates as data: Quantitative strategies for
estimating colonization front speeds and event densities. Journal of
Archaeological Science 37, 2017–2030. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2010.03.007
Stuiver M., Polach H.A., 1977. Reporting of C-14
Data - Discussion. Radiocarbon 19, 355–363. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033822200003672
Stuiver M., Suess H.E., 1966. On the relationship between radiocarbon
dates and true sample ages. Radiocarbon 8, 534–540. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033822200000345
Taylor R.E., 1987. Radiocarbon dating: An archaeological perspective.
Academic Press, Orlando.
Teetaert D., Boudin M., Goemaere E., Crombé P., 2020. Reliability of AMS
14 C dates of moss temper preserved in Neolithic
pottery from the Scheldt river valley (belgium). Radiocarbon 62,
1667–1678. https://doi.org/10.1017/RDC.2019.148
Ubelaker D.H., Thomas C., Olson J.E., 2015. The impact of age at death
on the lag time of radiocarbon values in human bone. Forensic Science
International 251, 56–60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2015.03.024
van Balen K., van Bommel B., van Hees R., van Hunen M., van Rhijn J.,
van Rooden M., 2003. Kalkboek. Het gebruik van kalk als
bindmiddel voor metsel- en voegmortels in verleden en heden. Rijksdienst
voor de Monumentenzorg, Zeist.
Van der Plicht J., Bronk Ramsey C., Heaton T.J., Scott E.M., Talamo S.,
2020. Recent developments in calibration for archaeological and
environmental samples. Radiocarbon 62, 1095–1117. https://doi.org/10.1017/RDC.2020.22
Van Rijn P., 2003. Het houtonderzoek, in: Sier M.M. (Ed.), Ellewoutsdijk
in de Romeinse tijd, ADC rapport.
ADC-ArcheoProjecten, Bunschoten, pp. 104–138. https://doi.org/10.17026/dans-z42-dm4b
Van Strydonck M., 2016. Radiocarbon dating. Topics in Current Chemistry
374, 347–364. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41061-016-0011-9
Van Strydonck M., Boudin M., Brande T.V. den, Saverwyns S., Van Acker
J., Lehouck A., Vanclooster D., 2016. 14C-dating of the
skeleton remains and the content of the lead coffin attributed to the
Blessed Idesbald (Abbey of the
Dunes, Koksijde, Belgium).
Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports 5, 276–284. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jasrep.2015.11.027
Van Strydonck M., Boudin M., De Mulder G., 2010. The carbon origin of
structural carbonate in bone apatite of cremated bones. Radiocarbon 52,
578–586. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033822200045616
Van Strydonck M., Crombé P., Maes A., 2001. The site of
Verrebroek ’dok’ and its contribution to the absolute
dating of the Mesolithic in the Low
Countries. Radiocarbon 43, 997–1005. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033822200041667
Vanderhoeven A., Arts A., Borgers K., Celis D., Cryns J., De Winter N.,
Van den Hove P., Vander Ginst V., Vynckier G., 2018. De sporen uit de
laat-Romeinse en vroegmiddeleeuwse periode, in:
Vanderhoeven A., Ervynck A. (Eds.), Het archeologisch en bouwhistorisch
onderzoek van de O.L.V.-basiliek
van Tongeren (1997-2013) Deel 4:
De laat-Romeinse en vroegmiddeleeuwse periode,
Relicta Monografieën. agentschap Onroerend
Erfgoed, Brussel, pp. 15–141. https://oar.onroerenderfgoed.be/item/708
Wacker L., Güttler D., Goll J., Hurni J.P., Synal H.-A., Walti N., 2014.
Radiocarbon dating to a single year by means of rapid atmospheric 14C
changes. Radiocarbon 56, 573–579. https://doi.org/10.2458/56.17634
Williams A.N., 2012. The use of summed radiocarbon probability
distributions in archaeology: A review of methods. Journal of
Archaeological Science 39, 578–589. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2011.07.014